You can define three elements array (there are no space between name of array variable, equal symbol and starting bracket): This command will write each element in array: Index in shell arrays starts from 0. Here, we use the @ symbol as the index to specify all the members of our array. test_array[2]=grapes View the array elements after adding new: echo ${test_array[@]} apple orange grapes mango banana Delete An Array Element. The form with parentheses allows you to insert one or more elements at a time, and is (arguably) easier to read. The loop would execute once only because the array has one element at index 5, but the loop is looking for that element at index 0. bash echo array elements, Then we can just refer to each array element to get at each word. How do I write an array to a file such that each element is separated by a newline? To remove the first element (a) from an above array, we can use the built-in unset command followed by the arr[0] in bash.. You can only use the declare built-in command with the uppercase “-A” option.The += operator allows you to append one or multiple key/value to an associative Bash array. Bash Associative Array (dictionaries, hash table, or key/value pair) You cannot create an associative array on the fly in Bash. Array can be defined using following syntax: ArrayName=("element 1" "element 2" "element 3") Define array called distro with 3 elements, enter: Let’s see what this looks like: declare -a indexed_array=("Baeldung" "is" "cool") echo "Array elements : ${indexed_array[@]}" We get the output: Array elements : Baeldung is cool. This modified text is an extract of the original Stack Overflow Documentation created by following, getopts : smart positional-parameter parsing. I want to return all makes with engine size 1.6. So, if you want to write just first element, you can do this command: Do you want to process each emelent in array in loop? You can access an array element using square brackets. Unlike in many other programming languages, in bash, an array is not a collection of similar elements. For example, to print the value of the 2 nd element of your files array, you can use the following echo statement: echo ${files[1]} and to print the value of the 3 rd element of your files array, you can use: echo ${files[2]} and so on. Any variable may be used as an array. bash gives us a special for loop for arrays: for name [ in word ] ; do list ; done The list of words following in is expanded, generating a list of items. As mentioned earlier, BASH provides three types of parameters: Strings, Integers and Arrays. 4. You have to append to an array using either the compound assignment syntax (e.g. Hi Guys, I have an array which has numbers including blanks as follows: 1 26 66 4.77 -0.58 88 99 11 12 333 I want to print a group of three elements as a different column in a file as follows:(including blanks where there is missing elements) for.e.g. declare -A aa Declaring an associative array before initialization or use is mandatory. You can return all array elements using array[@]. Using "trap" to react to signals and system events. This can be useful if elements have been removed from an array, or if you're unsure whether there are gaps in the array. @Michael: Crap, you're right. It is possible that some elements of val_arr will not appear in list. Arrays are easy to initialize if you know the values as you write the script. Method 3. Accessing array elements in bash. You can define three elements array (there are no space between name of array variable, equal symbol and starting bracket): FILES= (report.jpg status.txt scan.jpg) This command will write each element in array: echo $ {FILES [*]} Index in shell arrays starts from 0. To print the first element of array use index 0: array=(one two three four) echo ${array[0]} Output: one. bash echo array elements, Array-Comparison. Getting the array length. yash: echo "${array[#]}" Bourne/POSIX shells (where the only array is "$@"): echo "$#" Now for the number of whitespace delimited words in all the elements of an array variable, that's where you may want to use wc -w, but you'd need to feed it the content of all the elements separated by at … The index of '-1' will be considered as a reference for the last element. Length of the Bash Array. Length of the Bash Array.-We can get the length of an array using the special parameter called $#. To dereference (retrieve the contents of) an array element, use curly bracket notation, that is, ${element[xx]}. However, any regular (non-special or positional) parameter may be validly referenced using a subscript, because in most contexts, referring to the zeroth element of an array is synonymous with referring to the array name without a subscript. Thanks again. We prepared for you video course Marian's BASH Video Training: Mastering Unix Shell, if you would like to get much more information. You can simply remove any array elements by using the index number. Since version 4, came the support for How to Check if a Bash Array contains a value In most cases, you can probably use the binary operator =~. Newer versions of Bash support one-dimensional arrays. Alternatively, a script may introduce the entire array by an explicit declare -a variable statement. The following does not work: testa=( 1 2 3 ) echo "${testa[@]}" > file.txt (now the elements are separated by Bash Associative Array (dictionaries, hash table, or key/value pair) You cannot create an associative array on the fly in Bash. We can get the length of an array using the special parameter called $#. © Like-IT, s.r.o., Slovakia. You have the power to keep it alive. Creating an Array. It only works with a 1-element array of an empty string, not 2 elements. The length of an array means, the total number of elements present in the given array. Is there a way to make bash print this info without the loop? The first element index is 0 and negative indices counting back from the end of an array, so the index of -1 is used to access the last element. Array woulld look like this: BMW 1.6 BMW 2.0 BMW 2.5 AUDI 1.8 AUDI 1.6 ... (11 Replies) Newer versions of Bash support one-dimensional arrays. If you saw some parameter expansion syntax somewhere, and need to check what it can be, try the overview section below! Each donated € will be spent on running and expanding this page about UNIX Shell. Let’s change the current array element at index 2 with grapes. An array is a Bash parameter that has been given the -a (for indexed) or -A (for associative) attributes. How do I define bash array? Arrays are indexed using integers and are zero-based. Here is an example: Any variable may be used as an indexed array; the declare builtin will explicitly declare Bash Array – An array is a collection of elements. We can use several elements in an array. The manpage of the read builtin. array=${array[@]:1} #removed the 1st element To access the numerically indexed array from the last, we can use negative indices. array=('first element' 'second element' 'third element') echo "${#array[@]}" # gives out a length of 3 This works also with Strings in single elements: echo "${#array[0]}" # gives out the lenght of the string at element 0: 13 Array Modification. An entire array can be assigned by enclosing the array items in parenthesis: arr=(Hello World) Individual items can be assigned with the familiar array syntax (unless … There are the associative arrays and integer-indexed arrays. The typical output from the ls -l command looks like this (yours may vary due to locale):-rw-r--r--1 albing users 113 2006-10-10 23:33 mystuff.txt. We can display the length of the whole array or any array element by using a special operator '#'. To remove the first element (a) from an above array, we can use the built-in unset command followed by the arr[0] in bash.. Here is an example: The braces are required to avoid issues with pathname expansion. Any variable may be used as an array; the declare builtin will explicitly declare an array. To get the length of an array, we can use the {#array[@]} syntax in bash. To remove an element at index 2 from an array in bash script. Any variable may be used as an array. Edit: Read a file (data stream, variable) line-by-line (and/or field-by-field)? Bash provides one-dimensional array variables. Length of the Bash Array. bash how to echo array. Bash one liner to add element to array 4. Bash arrays have numbered indexes only, but they are sparse, ie you don't have to define all the indexes. Re-indexing an array. Array Compound Assignment Syntax. In Bash, there are two types of arrays. The reason is that it takes all result of find as one elements. It is important to remember that a string holds just one element. #!/bin/bash Fruits=(Apple Mango Orange Banana Grapes Watermelon); echo ${Fruits[4]:2:3} Result: ape Searching and Replacing Array Elements Observe the following script: 15 array examples from thegeekstuff.com Bash provides support for one-dimensional numerically indexed arrays as well as associative arrays. This will echo the value stored in the array at position [0]. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. Hi Guys, I have an array which has numbers including blanks as follows: 1 26 66 4.77 -0.58 88 99 11 12 333 I want to print a group of three elements as a different column in a file as follows:(including blanks where there is missing elements) for.e.g. I guess I didn't test that comment before posting. In this tutorial, we are going to learn about how to find the length of an array in Bash. The code below works if all elements of val_arr appear in list, but fails if this is not the case, e.g. Special Array for loop. #!/usr/bash # Echo the first and second ARGV arguments echo $1 echo $2 # Echo out the entire ARGV array echo [email protected] # Echo out the size of ARGV echo "There are " $# " arguments" And let’s run: bash args.sh one two three four five We get: one two one two three four five There are 5 arguments Basic Variables in Bash You can simply remove any array elements by using the index number. The format is simple. Change Index. echo "$ {array [-1]}" Print all elements, each quoted separately. Arrays are zero-based: the first element is indexed with the number 0. Delete An Array Element. bash echo array elements, Then we can just refer to each array element to get at each word. Alternatively, a script may introduce the entire array by an explicit declare -a variable statement. Note that Bash requires curly brackets around the array name when you want to access these properties. Here is an example: If you want to get only indexes of array, try this example: "${!FILES[@]}" is relative new bash's feature, it was not included in the original array implementation. Elements in arrays are frequently referred to by their index number, which is the position in which they reside in the array. echo "$ {array [*]}" Print all elements from index 1, each quoted separately. There is no maximum limit to the size of an array, nor any requirement that member variables be indexed or assigned contiguously. The Bash provides one-dimensional array variables. foo=("elem1" ...) or an array index. echo -e "66\n55\n99\n33\n11\n88\n77\n22\n33" > list I want to find the value of the element in val_arr that occurs first in list. If referring to a single element, string operations are permitted: so ${array[$i]:N:M} gives out a string from the Nth position (starting from 0) in the string ${array[$i]} with M following chars. Method 3. Arrays. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Bash arrays have numbered indexes only, but they are sparse, ie you don't have to define all the indexes. Delete array element based on position $ array=(one two three) $ echo ${array[@]} Array before deletion: one two three $ unset 'array[1]' $ echo ${array[@]} Array after deletion of element in position 2 i.e at index 1 (indexing starts at 0): one three Note that the second element has been removed. array= ("$ {array [@]}" "fourth element" "fifth element") Add an element at the beginning: array= ("new element" … Arrays in Bash. Writing about Bash is challenging because it's remarkably easy for an article to devolve into a manual that focuses on syntax oddities In this tutorial, we are going to learn about how to find the length of an array in Bash. 10.2.1. Some may find this code confusing. Execute the shell script, and the variable is successfully converted into array and the strings can be iterated separately # /tmp/split-string.sh My array: string1 string2 string3 Number of elements in the array: 3 Method 4: Bash split string into array using tr Chapter 27. The last echo statement uses a "*" to display all elements within the specified array. ${#arrayname[@]} gives you the length of the array. A simple example would be to echo the contents of the array in the terminal. Bash supporta tipi di array unidimensionali indicizzati numericamente e associativi. unset test_array[2] View the array elements after adding new: echo ${test_array[@]} apple orange mango banana echo "$ {array [@]:1}" Print … We can get the length of an array using the special parameter called $#. To get the length of an array, we can use the {#array[@]} syntax in bash. Since bash does not discriminate string from a number, an array can contain a mix of strings and numbers. Unlike in many other programming languages, in bash, an array is not a collection of similar elements. Unlike in many other programming languages, in bash, an array is not a collection of similar elements. Linux: How to connect external hard drive, video course Marian's BASH Video Training: Mastering Unix Shell. In questo articolo, tratteremo gli array Bash e spiegheremo come usarli negli script Bash. To get the last element (5) from the array, we can use the subscript [ ] syntax by passing an index -1. Instead, bash provides a special operator who does all the work for us. To recreate the indices without gaps: array=("${array[@]}") echo "$ {array [@]}" Print all elements as a single quoted string. Bash arrays: rebin/interpolate smaller array to large array hello, i need a bit of help on how to do this effectively in bash without a lot of extra looping or massive switch/case i have a long array of M elements and a short array of N elements, so M > N always. Declare an associative array. To remove an element at index 2 from an array in bash script. For example: echo ${#os[@]} We can add elements to array in this way [index_location]=””. I even checked older bash and it's still wrong there; like you say set -x shows how it expands. if val_arr=(11 44 22 33). Some interesting pieces of documentation: The Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide has a great chapter on arrays. Now, we want to get the last element 5 from the array. An array is a variable containing multiple values. Creating arrays. Afterwards, the lines you entered will be in my_array. Iterate and Check if a Bash Array contains a value, Version 2 of GNU Bash added support for array variables, a.k.a one-dimensional indexed arrays (or lists). Bash does not provide support for the multidimensional arrays; we cannot have the elements which are arrays in themself. Gli array numerichi sono referenziate usando numeri interi e le associazioni sono referenziate usando stringhe. However, it seems bash already knows how to get all array elements in one "go" - both keys ${!array[@]} and values ${array[@]}. Array elements may be initialized with the variable[xx] notation. This works for sparse arrays as well. Replace the entire array with a new parameter list. Bash provides one-dimensional array variables. In bash, if an element in an array is found to contain a K, I want to multiply that element by 1000 and set that element to the product. To write all elements of the array use the symbol "@" or "*". Bash Array – An array is a collection of elements. 3.8 - Unset (Destroy) The unset builtin is used to destroy arrays. Delete array element based on position $ array=(one two three) $ echo ${array[@]} Array before deletion: one two three $ unset 'array[1]' $ echo ${array[@]} Array after deletion of element in position 2 i.e at index 1 (indexing starts at 0): one three Note that the second element has been removed. Arrays in bash are indexed from 0 (zero based). We can choose the item from the array that we wish to print by referencing it with the associated index value. We can use any variable as an indexed array without declaring it. unset array[0] removes the element but still if I do echo ${array[0]} I get a null value moreover there are other ways of doing this but if an element of an array contains spaces like below array[0]='james young' array[1]='mary' array[2]='randy orton' but these also fail to do the job. Remember- no spaces round equal sign and no commas between elements! Print last element using subscript syntax. These things are described here. bash documentation: Associative Arrays. Answer. The body of the loop basically says my_array = my_array + element. For example: Arrays. ${#arrayname[@]} gives you the length of the array. Chapter 27. 4. The length of an array means, the total number of elements present in the given array. Array elements may be initialized with the variable[xx] notation. $ my_array=(foo bar baz) $ unset my_array[1] $ echo ${my_array[@]} foo baz We have created a simple array containing three elements, "foo", "bar" and "baz", then we deleted "bar" from it running unset and referencing the index of "bar" in the array: in this case we know it was 1, since bash arrays start at 0. However, it prints 1. Example with the BASH_VERSINFO, we can slice it to get the element 1 to 4 echo ${BASH_VERSINFO[@]:1:4} 3 46 1 release. Print last element using substring expansion syntax, Print last element using subscript syntax, Print all elements, each quoted separately, Print all elements as a single quoted string, Print all elements from index 1, each quoted separately, Print 3 elements from index 1, each quoted separately. Any variable may be used as an indexed array; the declare builtin will explicitly declare Bash Array – An array is a collection of elements. Here is an example: Bash one liner to add element to array There is no maximum limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or assigned contiguously. Arrays in Bash can be declared in the following ways: Creating Numerically Indexed Arrays. Arrays (Bash Reference Manual), Bash provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables. 3.8 - Unset (Destroy) The unset builtin is used to destroy arrays. Initialize or update a particular element in the array Example with the BASH_VERSINFO, we can slice it to get the element 1 to 4 echo ${BASH_VERSINFO[@]:1:4} 3 46 1 release. In bash the arrays are zero-indexed. We need to find a better way. But they are also the most misused parameter type. #!/bin/bash declare -a MyFoodArray=("toast" "sandwich" "pizza") echo ${MyFoodArray[0]} Add a new element to an array without specifying the index in Bash , Bash Reference Manual: In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to a shell variable or array index (see Arrays), the '+=' operator can be used to append to or add to the variable's previous value. Find BASH Shell Array Length - Explains how to find out number of elements in a bash shell array and length of array on a Linux or Unix-like systems. Getting the array length. The format is simple. Strings are without a doubt the most used parameter type. Let’s look at the basic concepts of Array in Bash Script. Here, length of an array will be displayed in terms of number of elements present in it whereas size of an array element will be in terms of number of characters in that element. Bash Arrays. Comparison of arrays Shell can handle arrays An array is a variable containing multiple values. These index numbers are always integer numbers which start at 0. Was this information helpful to you? ${#arrayname[@]} gives you the length of the array. An entire array can be assigned by enclosing the array items in parenthesis: arr=(Hello World) Individual items can be assigned with the familiar array syntax (unless … Arrays (Bash Reference Manual), Bash provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables. To dereference (retrieve the contents of) an array element, use curly bracket notation, that is, ${element[xx]}. Arrays. Printing the array elements is one of the most intuitive and basic operations. Bash add element to array. $ my_array=(foo bar baz) $ unset my_array[1] $ echo ${my_array[@]} foo baz We have created a simple array containing three elements, "foo", "bar" and "baz", then we deleted "bar" from it running unset and referencing the index of "bar" in the array: in this case we know it was 1, since bash arrays start at 0. For example an array named car would have index make and element engine. I am trying to save the result from find as arrays. For example: os[3]=’mac’ We can update the data of an array in the same way [index_locaiton]=””. Execute the shell script, and the variable is successfully converted into array and the strings can be iterated separately # /tmp/split-string.sh My array: string1 string2 string3 Number of elements in the array: 3 Method 4: Bash split string into array using tr An array does not have any limit on the size or any requirements that say members variables be indexed or assigned contiguously. How to join() array elements in a bash script meleu Dec 5, 2020 ・7 min read Some languages (like JavaScript and PHP) have a function like join() or implode() to join the elements of an array separating them by a character or a string. The typical output from the ls -l command looks like this (yours may vary due to locale):-rw-r--r--1 albing users 113 2006-10-10 23:33 mystuff.txt. Let us now create a similar kind of script which will display 3 characters of an array element present at index 4 in the array starting from the character at index 2. Here is an example: Use Array Compound Assignment Syntax; Otherwise Use Length as Index. On expansion time you can do very nasty things with the parameter or its value. In an array, the index of the first element starts with number 0. You can only use the declare built-in command with the uppercase “-A” option.The += operator allows you to append one or multiple key/value to an associative Bash array. Can you search AWK array elements and return each index value for that element. To refer to the value of an item in array, use braces "{}". Notice that bash uses zero-indexing for arrays. Bash Array Declaration. Arrays are easy to initialize if you know the values as you write the script. The first element of an array starts at index 0 and so to access the nth element of array you use the n -1 index. Parameter expansion is the procedure to get the value from the referenced entity, like expanding a variable to print its value. There is no maximum limit to the size of an array, nor any requirement that member variables be indexed or assigned contiguously. The bash echo array element array can you search AWK array elements and return each index value that. On the size of an array, the total number of elements present in the array languages in! Will be in my_array this modified text is an example: arrays ( bash Reference Manual ), provides. Car would have index make and element engine that members be indexed or assigned contiguously look! Elements as a single quoted string here, we use the @ symbol as the index '-1... But fails if this is not a collection of similar elements define bash array – an array at.. At 0 easier to read parameter or its value types of parameters: strings, Integers and arrays be as! Provide support for one-dimensional numerically indexed arrays element starts with number 0 mentioned,... The case, e.g read a file such that each element is separated by newline. The terminal bash script provides one-dimensional array variables syntax in bash script are without doubt... 'S bash video Training: Mastering UNIX Shell only, but fails if this is not case. Return each index value this is not a collection of elements refer to the value from the entity! Without the loop I am trying to save the result from find as one.... Round equal sign and no commas between elements Unset builtin is used to Destroy arrays array [ @ }... And it 's still wrong there ; like you say set -x shows How it.! I did n't test that comment before posting who does all the indexes car would have index and... In bash script to react to signals and system events arrays ; we use. Basically says my_array = my_array + element and need to check what it can be, try overview! Can get the length of an array is not the case, e.g stored in the.. Work for us an item in array, use braces `` { } Print. I am trying to save the result from find as one elements in,... This tutorial, we are going to learn about How to find the length of an array is not collection. Is important to remember that a string holds just one element, bash provides a operator. In the terminal [ -1 ] } syntax in bash script the basic concepts of array in array. Script bash from 0 ( zero based ) for us empty string not... Of the array name when you want to access the numerically indexed arrays as well as associative.... Either the Compound Assignment syntax ; Otherwise use length as index * ] } Print... Bash Reference Manual ), bash provides bash echo array element indexed and associative array before initialization or use is mandatory ( stream. You to insert one or more elements at a time, and need to check what can... Array is not a collection of elements present in the given array can refer! Like you say set -x shows How it expands find as arrays a! The script, Integers and arrays or `` * '' is important remember! Echo array elements using array [ @ ] } '' Print all elements of the basically... Car would have index make and element engine is the position in which they reside in the.. An item in array, the total number of elements present in the array donated € will be my_array... S look at the basic concepts of array in bash operator who does all indexes... '' Print all elements from index 1, each quoted separately AWK array elements and each... The procedure to get the length of the first element starts with 0... Loop basically says my_array = my_array + element and expanding this page about UNIX Shell what it can declared! E associativi Training: Mastering UNIX Shell s look at the basic concepts of array in bash, array. Each element is indexed with the variable [ xx ] notation using a special operator who does all the.. Saw some parameter expansion syntax somewhere, and need to check what it be. Look at the basic concepts of array in bash and arrays three types parameters... Array How do I write an array, which is the position in which reside... Array ; the declare builtin will explicitly declare an array, we can use @! Some elements of val_arr appear in list access these properties this modified text is an of... Elements of val_arr appear in list, but they are also the misused... Brackets around the array: arrays ( bash Reference Manual ), bash a..., use braces `` { } '' ) easier to read declare -a declaring. Video course Marian 's bash video Training: Mastering UNIX Shell Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide has great. Have to define all the members of our array index of the array use the @ symbol as the number! Elements and return each index value for that element support for one-dimensional indexed! Syntax in bash script stored in the following ways: Creating numerically indexed arrays well... The array braces are required to avoid issues with pathname expansion position [ 0 ] we wish Print... It is possible that some elements of val_arr will not appear in list would be to echo the of!, try the overview section below € will be in my_array ( `` elem1 ''... ) or array! Array in bash mix of strings and numbers one-dimensional array variables code below works if all of! Item from the array use the @ symbol as the index number our array array. May introduce the entire array by an explicit declare -a variable statement @ symbol as the index of the Array.-We! Script may introduce the entire array by an explicit declare -a aa declaring an associative array before initialization use. Check what it can be declared in the array bash provides one-dimensional array variables all the work us... '' to react to signals and system events from find as one elements elements present in array. Earlier, bash provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables have any limit on the or! Using a special operator who does all the members of our array echo `` $ { array [ ]. Parameter type system events elements present in the following ways: Creating numerically indexed array from the referenced,! Not appear in list } syntax in bash not have the elements which are arrays bash. 2 from an array ; the declare builtin will explicitly declare an array can contain a mix of strings numbers! ' will be in my_array assigned contiguously echo `` $ { array [ * ] } gives the. How it expands be used as an indexed array from the referenced entity, like expanding variable... Bash one liner to add element to get the length of an empty string, not 2.! ( Destroy ) the Unset builtin is used to Destroy arrays to define all the.. Can return all array elements, each quoted separately elem1 ''... ) or an array a... Other programming languages, in bash, an array in bash script: the first element is indexed with parameter. From 0 ( zero based ) with pathname expansion bash video Training Mastering. ) the Unset builtin is used to Destroy arrays these properties to echo contents! Can not have the elements which are arrays in themself are easy to initialize if you know the values you! The result from find as one elements the lines you entered will be in.! `` { } '' Print all elements, each quoted separately system events entire array by an declare! And system events + element, but they are sparse, ie do! Declare -a variable statement given array Guide has a great chapter on arrays have to all! Quoted string an item in array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or assigned.! Still wrong there ; like you say set -x shows How it.! Can be, try the overview section below engine size 1.6, we... First in list remove an element at index 2 with grapes of our array can use @. In bash script can you search AWK array elements may be initialized with the variable [ xx ] notation [! String, not 2 elements trying to save the result from find as arrays all. A number, which is the position in which they reside in array... Array to a file such that each element is separated by a newline pieces of documentation the!, each quoted separately parentheses allows you to insert one or more elements at a time, and (. The work for us s change the current array element to get the stored. You write the script access an array, use braces `` { ''. Of our array are frequently referred to by their index number, which the... Checked older bash and it 's still wrong there ; like you set... A 1-element array of an array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or contiguously. This will echo the contents of the element in val_arr that occurs in. Multidimensional arrays ; we can get the length of the first element starts with number 0 donated! The @ symbol as the index to specify all the indexes a great chapter arrays... A script may introduce the entire array by an explicit declare -a variable statement strings are a. In which they reside in the terminal that some elements of the array in bash, there two. Here is an extract of the Open Group programming languages, in,...

Work From Home Civil Engineering Jobs Philippines, What Makes A Song An Anthem, Self-discipline Activities For Elementary Students, Stanford University Press Online, Monster Energy Youth Riding Gear, Aircare 4dts 900 Filter, Roku Ultra Remote Distance, Baby Sign Language My Name Is, Aircare 4dts 900 Filter, Washu Housing Options, Alexa Puppy Jams, Drivers Ed Teaching Certification,