200. There the Jew, the Mahometan, and the Christian transact together as though they all professed the same religion, and give the name of Infidel to none but bankrupts.”. Beethoven. This is a list of symphonies by the classical composer Wolfgang Amadeus … (It's the opening to "Amadeus") 2 Violins Viola Cello. The court was highly musical, but that had little influence on the rest of the city’s arts, which took shape in a maze of patrons and entrepreneurs. 5. This is a list of symphonies by the classical composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. 1 in E-flat, K. 16, might be this piece, but probably not—that symphony was indeed written in London, but it does not have trumpets and drums. The work later known as Symphony no. A child prodigy on the piano and the violin, Mozart was composing by the age of five. You might mention Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (A little Night Music) in your report. The literary Internet’s most important stories, every day. Mozart wrote it just three years before his … His was an extremely short life — he died at age 35! 2, 3 and 37 have links to scores at the International Music Score Library Project. 38 “Prague” were each written over the course of a … He developed a great respect for the man, mused about trying to convert him, finally decided to leave well enough alone. Mozart, in a letter to his father, 1778. 15 in G Minor, a through-composed piece that deftly develops its opening ideas throughout and en route works in a quote from Gluck’s ballet Don Juan. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is often thought of as someone who was born with natural talent. 1791. . When the Mozarts arrived in London, Handel was five years in his grave; many in the city remembered his performances. In total Mozart completed forty-one symphonies in his brief … Advertisements described them as “Prodigies of Nature.” Leopold scheduled their public debut for June 5, the king’s birthday, when he knew the nobility would be in town. How old was Mozart when he wrote his first opera? 2. Links to scores of each symphony have been included. an Orchestra, and 4 movements. The composer’s youth is shown in occasionally static harmony, in the piano part still relying on babbling Alberti bass in the left hand, and in a frequent sense of inattention to the violin part; for stretches he lets the fiddle dither around aimlessly on the low strings. Wallsegg, an amateur musician, was known to commission composers to write for his orchestra and pass the works off as his own. 12 "The Creature" Mozart. As usual Leopold made wide contacts and had boundless ambitions for the visit, but the usual tricks of fate turned up too. 3, Op. . His first German Opera, Die Entführung aus dem Serail (The Abduction from the Seraglio), attained immediate and lasting success. For the occasion, held in the spacious Great Hall of Spring Gardens, Leopold hired a small orchestra of London players and two singers to present arias. Between April and December 1775, Mozart developed an enthusiasm for violin concertos, producing a series of five (the o… what makes up a Symphony? We all know that Mozart was a genius – but just how early did he start showing signs that he was better than your average child prodigy? At five, Leopold took Wolfgang and Nannerl to play for the Bavarian court in Munich and then to Vienna to play at the imperial court. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s first ever composition was a dainty and balanced little Minuet and Trio in G major… and it’s way better than anything by a five-year-old should be. Answer to: When did Mozart write his first symphony? I would go with his G Minor Symphony as first masterpiece. This program features Mozart’s first symphony, which he wrote at age eight and Haydn’s final symphony, written when Haydn was 63. Active as was public concert life, it tended to be mainly an entrée into private performances, which were more frequent and often paid better. He composed masterfully in every musical format. HSO Concertmaster Stephen Cepeda performs Beethoven’s sublime Violin Concerto as part of the Symphony’s Beethoven 250 – and all by candlelight. The story goes like this: Mozart was out drinking with friends October 28th, 1787, the night before “Don Giovanni’s” premiere, when one friend remarked that Mozart had not written the overture for his opera yet. Opera. ... At 14 years, he was commissioned to write his first serious opera. As there was no room for him and the chair carriers were swift, he had to jog alongside. Some musicians have it, most do not. Childhood Symphonies (1764-1771) These are the numbered symphonies from Mozart… In 1765 the rooms became the home of the historic Bach-Abel concerts. Mozart wrote over fifty symphonies, but only two of them, the 25th and 40th, are in a minor key. Leopold had shown Wolfgang the formal outlines appropriate to each movement of a sonata or symphony. (Only decades later would this pattern, already common in works of the 1770s, be named “sonata form,” its three main sections called “exposition,” “development,” and “recapitulation,” to which may be added an introduction at the beginning and a coda at the end. Though Leopold talked to his wife about who might take over their education if he died, the potential disaster turned out well for Wolfgang. What did his father do? While in London, Mozart met Johann Christian Bach, the son of Johann Sebastian Bach, and wrote his first symphonies while in the city. Created by Grove Atlantic and Electric Literature. What did Mozart's father do for a living? During the time of the Mozarts’ sojourn, two Germans, Johann Christian Bach and Carl Friedrich Abel, established London’s historic first subscription series, which would be a feature the city’s music life for sixteen years. In any case, after his first try, Wolfgang started turning out symphonies for small orchestra designed for his and Nannerl’s London concerts. In any case, after his first try, Wolfgang started turning out symphonies for small orchestra designed for his and Nannerl’s London concerts. Mozart’s writing in this symphonic concerto was inspired by his travels, first to Munich and Mannheim in 1777, then on to Paris in 1778, where he wrote the Symphony no. The magic Flute, The marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni. In 1764 Mozart wrote his first symphony at the age of 8. Mozart began playing music at a very early age, picking chords on the harpsichord at just three years old, playing pieces at four, and writing his first compositions at five. We don’t know for sure, but it’s at least 626. 40 in G Minor, K. 550, completing it on July 25. In 1787, Mozart's father died. Like all violin sonatas of the time, these of Wolfgang’s are, again, mainly piano pieces with the violin along for the ride. It would survive as “the London Notebook.” Father or son signed it in the front, “di Wolfgango Mozart à Londra 1764.” Here are forty-three ideas in various directions and states of completion, all of it, for a change, in Wolfgang’s own hand, which by now is neat and clear and would remain so for the rest of his life. . It is in the key of E flat major. All the symphonies in this table except Nos. Then you return to the opening material, now putting it all, or most of it, in the home key. What language was used for the Opera commissioned by Emperor of Austria? Sadly, he died before he could finish it. Symphony No. 100. Leopold Mozart saw this with worry. His first symphony was written during these travels, at age eight.2,3,6 The young Wolfgang wrote his first work that is still performed during this time, Exsultate, jubilate, K. 165. . It was a serenade written towards the end of Mozart's life. In 1763 Mozart and his sister, Maria Anna (”Nannerl”), went on tour. Operas are complex pieces of music. (All the same, most of the time he composed at the keyboard.) 8 years old. What two works did Haydn write in his late sixties and what prompted them? The five-bedroom home was built in 1730 and was occupied by the eight-year-old musical prodigy, At what age did Mozart write his first opera? and my name will be as celebrated as that of Bach.” There is a good deal more of the like twaddle. The five-bedroom home was built in 1730 and was occupied by the eight-year-old musical prodigy, Having completed his Symphony in E-flat Major 229 years ago today, Mozart went right back to work. What was one of the instruments Mozart played? This symphony might have changed my own musical history, but I'm not going to argue that it changed musical history from the moment it was first written, in … The exertion overheated him, which, he believed, led to a cold, which a week later turned into a miserable sore throat and fever. It was a bit of a startling situation: the rooms, hung in blue and yellow satin, were a former brothel. The children’s reputation had preceded them: five days after their arrival, Wolfgang and Nannerl played before King George III and Queen Charlotte at Buckingham House. Symphony No. However, the earliest pieces by Wolfgang, supposedly done when he was a child, are in his father’s handwriting, making it unclear as to who wrote the music. Mozart and Haydn became fast friends in Vienna in the 1780s. Symphony No. Part of the explanation for this massive output was his ability to compose incredibly quickly – his celebrated Symphony No. Mozart helped him finish it in order to meet a deadline). The opera tells an old Greek myth. The fascination surrounding this exceptional musical genius is still alive today. Operas, choral works, concertos, symphonies, … As he often did, Mozart delayed writing the overture to The Magic Flute until almost the last minute: the premiere of took place in Vienna on September 30, 1791, and Mozart wrote the overture on the 28 th.Curiously, though Mozart was pressed for time, he did not base the overture on themes from the opera–his frequent practice–but instead wrote one using entirely new material. The house in Belgravia where Mozart composed his first symphony has sold for £3 million more than when it was last on the market six years ago. Mozart had major accomplishments, He was a child prodigy who wrote his first symphony at age 8, then grew into a prolific adult who wrote over 600 pieces of music. 100. Symphonies and operas were a lot more interchangeable in Vienna in 1767 than they are now. 41 in C Major, or the Jupiter Symphony. At the age of fourteen Mozart was given his first commission to write what. As a center of music publishing it rivaled Paris. Haydn was by no means the first composer to write symphonies, but his are the earliest ones to be performed with any regularity today . How many pieces did Mozart write in his short lifetime? Mozart's "37th symphony" is actually Michael Haydn's 25th symphony; Mozart only added a 20-bar slow introduction to it. He appears to have come to something like Voltaire’s admiring and ironic description of England, “a place more venerable than many courts of justice, where the representatives of all nations meet for the benefit of mankind. 1 in E-flat, K. 16, might be this piece, but probably not—that symphony was indeed written in London, but it does not have trumpets and drums. Why did he write only two symphonies in a minor key? Anthony Baines, Woodwind Instruments and their History(London: Faber and Faber Ltd., 1959), 25. — yet he was so active and productive his whole life that he left the world an enormous … 1 in C Major, Op. Yes, but the others were all early works that Mozart did not deem worthy of preservation. Leopold marveled that they dressed like Parisians and hardly looked like their coreligionists in Austria. He would receive the score, re-copy it in his own hand, and distribute the parts to the ensemble. My stomach does not fancy anything and I am so frail that I can hardly think sensibly . Born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, Austria, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s was the sole-surviving son of Leopold and Maria Pertl Mozart. Was also a colonel in the French Revolution. There are surprisingly few strikeouts or corrections in the London Notebook; probably he worked out the pieces at the clavier and then copied them down, relying on a remarkable memory for music, whether his own or works by others. On the way the family all got wretchedly seasick; Leopold wrote home that he was champion at vomiting. . 1 in E-flat, K. 16, might be this piece, but probably not—that symphony was indeed written in London, but it does not have trumpets and drums. 2, 3 and 37 (which are spurious) have links to scores in the Neue Mozart-Ausgabe; the spurious symphonies Nos. What other composer did Mozart teach? Mozart’s symphony had a little more restrain and was not dramatic as Beethoven. Anonymous. What city is Mozart from? 4. Watch live on YouTube. But let me live, and one day I shall offer Her a gift worthy of Her. Mozart wrote his first symphony when he was _____ years old. Thomas Glastras, T… Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), The Inertia of Whiteness in the World of Postwar Publishing, 'Do You Know Alex Oreille': New Fiction from Katie Kitamura, Booksellers Recommend: The Best Under-the-Radar Books of 2020, The Most Anticipated Sci-Fi and Fantasy Books of 2021, A Short History of Classic TV’s Most Unusual Investigators, 5 Psychological Thrillers You Should Read This January, Carolina Garcia-Aguilera: The Woman Who Brought the Cuban-American Experience to Miami Noir, The Many and Sometimes Sinister Retellings of Jane Eyre. Short bow strokes on the violin were emphasized. The first had to do with timing: they arrived in town at the end of the concert season, when the upper classes were about to leave London for the countryside. Three of them may be sketches toward orchestral movements. Wolfgang loved the applause and his capricious character and arrogant disdain for musicians of lesser talent became evident for the first time. The work later known as Symphony no. The composer had a great number of friends and admirers in Salzburg and had the opportunity to work in many genres, including symphonies, sonatas, string quartets, masses, serenades, and a few minor operas. Many years later, Nannerl described the scene as their father lay dangerously ill: “In order to occupy himself, Mozart composed his first symphony with all the instruments of the orchestra, especially trumpets and kettledrums. There are no symphonies "GA 49" and "GA 53". Alte Mozart-Ausgabe, the full name of which was the "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozarts Werke: Kritisch durchgesehene Gesamtausgabe". The new owner of the Grade I-listed Georgian property paid close to the £7.5 million asking price just five weeks after it went on sale. The symphonies given numbers past 41 (but not No. A Starling. Mrs. Cornelys herself, however, did not appear interested in the Mozarts, though they may have attended her programs. 8. But where do you start? Symphonies that are suspected not to be Mozart's, but have not been proven to be the work of another composer, are in this list. Constance "Stanzi" Mozart. Miles. Consultants of the King on counsel to decide if Mozart … 11. Mozart's wife. In the film, Mozart states that Christopher Gluck was boring and that he did not like Jacques Hardel. The third movement of K. 14 has at the head “en carillon,” and features high writing on the harpsichord and pizzicatos for the violin. What age did Mozart write his first Opera at? Mozart's very first symphony has been discovered and authenticated by international experts, and will be performed in Denmark in March or April. Because of his remarkably precise sense, Wolfgang was pained at hearing any deviation from exact pitch. Mozart wrote it just three years before his … (2020-11-15 1:30 a.m. UTC/GMT) Experience the music of Mozart’s popular Overture to The Marriage of Figaro and his exciting Linz Symphony. As the Mozarts strolled in St James’s Park between their court appearances, the king and queen clopped by in a carriage and George leaned out the window to give them a wave. At that point George III was nearly twenty-six, Charlotte nearly twenty-one. London at that point was the largest and richest city in the world, one of the most cosmopolitan, and a mecca for musicians. From Mozart: The Reign of Love by Jan Swafford. This is the driving force behind mozart.com, the first comprehensive Mozart biography for … Name: Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de Saint-Georges. Beethoven's Symphony No. Nathan Broder, “The Wind-Instruments in Mozart’s Symphonies,” The Musical Quarterly(1933), 238-239. 36 “Linz” and No. His most holy will be done.” With family in tow, he was spirited in a sedan chair out to a country house in Chelsea, three miles from London. He would frequently go on long walks and write down the music with furious scribbling, frantically trying to get down his inspiration on paper. What is the Emperor’s biggest critism with Mozart’s “Turkish” Opera? Fittingly, it was the dawn of a new century. 7. For a July concert at the home of the Earl of Thanet, in Grosvenor Square, Leopold could not find a free carriage, so he hired a sedan chair for the children. On the 250th anniversary of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's birth, we look at his final symphony: No. Impresario Cornelys was a former (or not-so-former) procuress who notoriously had a daughter by Casanova. Mozart's Symphony #40: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a famous musician and composer of the Classical Period in music, who was born in Austria in 1756. They reached London on the twenty-third, staying for a few days at an inn in Piccadilly before settling into cheaper rooms above a barber’s in St Martin’s Lane. The pieces, some incomplete, range from tentative to fascinating. Mozart gave the first performance of the work in March 1783, in Vienna. In some ways musically more interesting from that period is a series of sketches and drafts Wolfgang wrote down in a new manuscript book Leopold gave him. Then you modulate to the key of the fifth scale degree, the “dominant,” and write a second theme or themelets that complement and contrast the first theme. 21 Beethoven's First Symphony, dedicated to Baron Gottfried Van Swieten, came at age 29. By the last week of September 1764, Leopold was well enough to bring the family back to London. In 1817, the Philharmonic Society of London commissioned Beethoven to write a symphony, but he did not start serious work on the new piece until 1822. 41". As usual Leopold made wide contacts and had boundless ambitions for the visit, but the usual tricks of fate turned up too. ... At 14 years, he was commissioned to write his first serious opera. This is the first piece that Mozart ever wrote… when he was FIVE years old. Mozart was about 9 years old when he wrote it. What age did Mozart write his first symphony? The film states that Mozart wrote his first symphony at age four, when in reality, he wrote his first symphony at age eight. 41 in C Major, or the Jupiter Symphony. He was able to write the piece without a clavier because he had the inborn faculty called “perfect pitch,” meaning he could hear notes accurately in his head or name any note played to him. In her diary, Nannerl (aka Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia Mozart, older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) wrote that at Calais, on the way to London in April 1764, they observed “how the ocean ebbs and waxes.” For the Channel crossing, Leopold hired a private boat and picked up four more paying passengers. During the first audience, the king presented Wolfgang with sight-reading challenges, works by Wagenseil, J. C. Bach, Abel, and George’s favorite, German-born Handel. Mozart composed his first piece of music in 1761, at age five; by age six, he had performed before two imperial courts. Already Leopold was grousing about proceeds for an event or two that garnered more than his yearly Salzburg salary. On the 250th anniversary of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's birth, we look at his final symphony: No. Although Haydn was 24 years Mozart’s senior and his mentor, Haydn’s later works–including Symphony No. In practice, the pattern is a general guide that can have endless variations.). Copyright © 2020 by Jan Swafford. There was a second concert at the end of the month in the rotunda of Ranelagh Gardens. They have been included for completeness, although they are out of chronological sequence. They tell a story through instrumental music and singing. Wolfgang’s playing, Leopold wrote, “has become at all points different.” “My little girl, although she is only twelve years old, is one of the most skillful players in Europe, and . At what age did Mozart write his first concerto? 8. While performing for the royal family in London, he met Johann Christian Bach, Johann Sebastian’s youngest son, who especially inspired Mozart. As a good, dutiful employee at court it was difficult for him to show empathy for the genius of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and his … Mozart was eight years old when he wrote his first symphony, it is more likely than less that his father transcribed most of it for him. what instruments make up a String Quartet? To pass the time, Wolfgang decided to write a symphony for full orchestra. Like all violin sonatas of the time, these of Wolfgang’s are, again, mainly piano pieces with the violin along for the ride. From a friend, Leopold got a recommendation for a doctor who turned out to be a Dutch Jew. In fact, there were two of Mozart’s favorite composers. 4. From 'Paris' to 'Jupiter', Classic FM takes you on a whistle-stop tour of Mozart’s best and most exciting symphonies. 3 (the Paris Symphony). 200. Beethoven's Symphony No. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on 27 January 1756 to Leopold Mozart (1719–1787) and Anna Maria, née Pertl (1720–1778), at Getreidegasse 9 in Salzburg. In any case, after his first try, Wolfgang started turning out symphonies for small orchestra designed for his and Nannerl’s London concerts. Over the course of the next 29 days he wrote out the score of his proto-Romantic Symphony No. No. The Andante exists in two versions, after Legros complained that the first one had too many ideas in it, so Mozart wrote another for when the symphony was repeated on 15 August. 7. Less than four years later, Mozart died of miliary fever in 1791. Mozart composed his first symphony at age eight. Mozart wrote this opera at the age of 11. What age did Mozart write his first Symphony at? It is called Apollo et Hyacinthus. His first symphony was written during these travels, at age eight.2,3,6 The young Wolfgang wrote his first work that is … (Note that Mozart's Symphony no. In addition, some authentic symphonies were never given numbers. Afterward Leopold lamented that their gift for the performance was a mere 24 guineas (around 250 florins), but a second court appearance in May made them 24 more. 55, E-flat Major, “Eroica” The Eroica Symphony was first performed privately in early August 1804. The other unexpected factor, once again, was health. For three years the siblings toured western Europe, performing in major cities such as Munich , Augsburg , Paris , and London . Of his 50-odd symphonies, produced between 1764 and 1788, the earliest ones are conventional but precocious, reflecting influences of Johann Christian Bach, … It depends on the grace of God whether He will preserve my life. While he composed and I copied he said to me, ‘Remind me to give the horn something worthwhile to do!’” The work later known as Symphony no. While performing for the royal family in London, he met Johann Christian Bach, Johann Sebastian’s youngest son, who especially inspired Mozart. 9. The first were written just a few years after his death and the last one has probably not yet been written. In his monumental tome, Mozart, Maynard Solomon quotes a Wallsegg musician: We had to guess the composer. The violin writing, with Leopold looking over his shoulder works well enough, but the eight-year-old is far more involved with the clavier part. 7. 2 (attributed to Leopold Mozart) and 3 (written by Carl Friedrich Abel) are spurious. Tune in and experience your Helena Symphony Orchestra. 1 soloist with accompaniement of orchestra. “I feel like a child. What was his fathers name? What pet did Mozart have? By signing up, you'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions. While Mama took care of suffering Papa, the children had to find their own diversions. Mozart was about 9 years old when he wrote it. Fittingly, it was the dawn of a … The first movement should have three sections, starting with a first theme or group of themelets in the “tonic,” the home key, that establish the mood and main ideas of the movement. I shall become immortal like Handel. The fast movements are confident and exuberant, and among the pieces is a nice variety of keyboard textures. Beethoven filled up many sketchbooks with short fragments of his ideas. It is this that marks an important point in Mozart’s career and in his symphonic catalogue. Beyond that, there is a driving intensity to the piece that foreshadows a distinctive G-minor mood that would be with him to the end, most famously in his two symphonies in that key, one early and one late. 200. One of the greatest composers of all time, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) continues to fascinate us even today. What three operas did Mozart right. Adam Carse, The Orchestra in the XVIIIth Century(Cambridge: W. Heffer & Sons, Ltd., 1940), 126. Wolfgang accompanied Queen Charlotte in an aria—she was a fair singer and clavier player—and improvised melodies over Handel bass lines. Adult Traveling Years. 12 years old. Soon after its first performance in 1782, Mozart married Konstanze Weber, a step for which his … Mozart was deeply affected by the passing of his father, which can be seen in a lull in new compositions. Mozart wrote his first symphony when he was 8 years old. Mozart full name is. After a brief return to Salzburg, the family spent 15 months in Vienna, where Leopold hoped his son would be able to perform at the court theatre, which did … About two hundred people showed up—fewer than Leopold had hoped, but still bringing in ninety guineas, which amounted to more than nine hundred German florins. .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}  : Outside of original 41, The first and second movements together constitute the overture to the opera, Formely: (126+163)/161; for a detailed explanation of the many Köchel numbers this symphony has, see the article, The first and second movements based on music from the opera, Only slow introduction is by Mozart, rest is by, Mozart symphonies of spurious or doubtful authenticity, International Music Score Library Project, List of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, K141a (formerly K126, K161, K163) "Il sogno di Scipione" Symphony in D, imslp.org: Symphonies by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, List of symphonies by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, List of spurious/doubtful Mozart symphonies, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_symphonies_by_Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart&oldid=991453759, Lists of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with International Music Score Library Project links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 30 November 2020, at 03:39. Wolfgang may have looked at it as a harmonic study; its altered chords and modulations from key to key range farther than anything he had yet explored. So that Papa could have quiet and rest, the children were not allowed to touch a keyboard. Mozart’s first symphony, written when he was eight, and Haydn’s last symphony are paired on MOZART AND HIS MENTOR, which takes place on Saturday, November 16th at 8 PM and Sunday, November 17th at 4 PM at the Lesher Center for the Arts in Walnut Creek.Tickets start at $42 / $20 for students 25 and under with valid Student I.D. Wolfgang absorbed and assimilated the music he heard during their travels, composing his first symphony when he was eight, in London, where the … London at that point was the largest and richest city in the world, one of the most cosmopolitan, and a mecca for musicians. Symphonies No. In Vienna, Mozart was at first kept busy and happy by composing. Born: December 25, 1745 Occupations: Composer, champion fencer, virtuoso violinist, and conductor of the Concert des Amateurs, a leading symphony in Paris. 1 decade ago. 1 in C Major, Op. Most striking is No. Kappelmeister Bonno. Whether Leopold agreed that his son’s talent was too big for Salzburg or not, … Mozart wrote his first symphony when he was 8 years old. A fascinated Leopold wrote patron Hagenauer reports of everything from the number of streetlamps in London (55,435) to the amount of cheese consumed per annum (21,660,000 pounds) to observations on the high quality of meat and produce, the various types of beer and punch, women’s fashions, Oxford students’ habit of cutting their hair short so it would not interfere with their thoughts. The score is written for two oboes, two horns, harpsichord and strings. The house in Belgravia where Mozart composed his first symphony has sold for £3 million more than when it was last on the market six years ago. They appeared for the third and last time before the king and queen on October 25, the fourth anniversary of George III’s taking the throne. Compared to what the Mozarts were used to, it was a seething hive of activity in the arts, with citizens on the prowl for entertainment, including concerts public and private, opera, theater, dancing, card playing.